Monday, December 30, 2019

The Foundational Components Of Christianity - 1691 Words

In society today there are many definitions and opinions on what it means to be a Christian. Some think it is their heritage and they were automatically born a Christian. Others describe it as their social duty to be religious and attend church, and still others say they have a personal relationship with Jesus as their savior. With so many definitions floating around it is important to look at the cornerstones of Christianity and what exactly it entails. This paper will examine the foundational components of Christianity, an analysis of the Christian worldview, and my personal beliefs and conclusions on what it means to be a Christian. God In the Christian worldview, God is the ultimate and sovereign creator of the universe. He is the supreme authority and has power and rule over all things. According to Wood, â€Å"’Creation theology’ begins with the theistic belief that God is the creator and sustainer of the universe, and reasons â€Å"backwards† to determine what traits such a creator must possess to accomplish this creative feat† (pg 189, 2016). God’s creation clearly demonstrates His attributes and divine wisdom. Psalm 104 speaks to the supremacy and the wisdom of God â€Å"How many are your works O Lord! In wisdom you made them all; the earth is full of your creatures.† (NIV). Throughout the creation account in Genesis chapter one, the Bible demonstrates many of Gods characteristics and the fact that He is satisfied with what He has created when He repeatedly makes the statementShow MoreRelatedThe Philosophical Theological Themes Discussed During The First Half Of The C ourse1218 Words   |  5 PagesBased on the foundational theological themes discussed during the first half of the course, it may be inferred that the essence of Christianity broadly lies within deciphering God’s will, and further transferring his will into action particularly by adapting simplicity in our lifestyle and serving those in need to bring about justice and to help humanity prevail. We can note the acknowledgement of the importance of service in various different Tradition’s that fall under the Christian Tradition suchRead MoreJesus Is Jesus The Only Savior?1123 Words   |  5 PagesChrist. There are a variety of alternatives offered, notably pluralism and inclusivism. In the second half of his book Is Jesus the Only Savior? Dr. Ronald Nash addresses the teaching of inclusivism, comparing its claims with the claims of orthodox Christianity and evaluating the merits of those claims. It is the purpose of this analysis to evaluate his rebuttal of inclusivism as presented in chapters 7-11 of Is Jesus the Only Savior?. Dr. Nash approaches this discussion with a masterful command of theRead MoreA Christian Worldview Of Common Core Standards1350 Words   |  6 Pageslonger teaches literacy and appreciation of knowledge utilizing a wide assortment of classical texts, some of which contain religious references or cultural components that may potentially be offensive. Instead, the English teacher must focus on the development of skills related to the reading of nonfiction texts (2014), which are a major component of the national tests. These classic texts, Schultz (2016) offers, guide learning towards a deeper understanding of the â€Å"truths of the human condition.† ConsequentlyRead MoreThe Integration Perspective And The Christian Psychology Perspective913 Words   |  4 PagesWithin the psychology field and in society, there is a common belief that theological principles, scripture, Christianity, and psychological principles are not compatible. Instead they believe that modern psychology is secular, scientific, and sacrilegious. However, many Christian psychologists and counselors, organizations and associations such as the Society for Christian Psychology, are striving to unite, integrate and incorporate Christian values, principles and knowledge into modern psychologicalRead MoreSignificance Of Christ s Resurrection Essay1630 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween man’s sinful nature and God as a just judge. So it is not whether it is one or another, historical or theological. Whether the audience is believer or non-believer. A proper, biblical understanding of Christ’s resurrection serves as a foundational truth for those who root genuine faith in God. Moreover, it is also the same faith that believes in the work that Jesus has done on earth and how he had finished with a closure. Hence the resurrection. Non-believers or believers of God’s truthRead MorePeace Is Both Complex And Multifaceted1631 Words   |  7 Pagessubject. It involves a multitude of other factors, such as positive personal relationships, economic and social security, harmony in accepting other s differences, and an underlying presence of justice acting within the world. For both Islam and Christianity, peace is understood as more than merely an absence of violence and conflict. It refers more fully to an overall sense of wellbeing. Ultimately peace is found in union with God/Allah. Christians and Musli ms are taught to live at peace individuallyRead MoreWorldview Analysis (Judaism) Essay example1543 Words   |  7 PagesTestament) and a unifying expression of this relationship through prescribed tradition. Judaism and Christianity share some commonalities in that both worldviews believe in the monotheistic God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob and the inspiration, authority, and inerrancy of the Hebrew Scriptures. Both worldviews also believe in Creation and the coming of a Messiah. Although Judaism and Christianity share some commonalities, they are two entirely different worldviews. This paper will identify theRead MoreCivilization is Connected from the Mesopotamians to the Powerful Roman Empire836 Words   |  4 Pagesforward unimpeded. With each elapsing second the present moment changes into the past and creates history. History is filled with a plethora of events, people, and concepts that have left an enduring influence. Society has developed many components which became f oundational to Western culture from the Mesopotamian civilizations to the emergence of the Romans. The contributions of a variety of cultures shaped the course of Western history. The Mesopotamians and Egyptians are among the first civilizationsRead MoreHow The Ancient Greeks And Romans Still Influence Our Modern World869 Words   |  4 Pagesalso invented aqueducts and sewers. The aqueducts, made by Roman engineers, delivered water into cities and town. This technology is still being used today for water delivery and drainage of a sewer. Also, Rome invented concrete, which is a major component in building structures up to date. Rome’s beautiful structures, most of which are still standing to date, still captivate modern society. The Roman contribution to architecture, the arch with a keystone, influenced how tall a structure could becomeRead MoreSpiritual Condition Evaluation1192 Words   |  5 Pagescomprehension of what it requires to be a Christian, extending your own knowledge of scriptural truth, and applying every day what you learn. God anticipates that His followers will become profoundly and His Word supports individual examination as a component of development. â€Å"Let us search out and examine our ways...† Lamentations 3:40. This paper contains an evaluation of spiritual condition of a famous individual, goals for personal spiritual improvement and a future evaluation plan. Spiritual

Saturday, December 21, 2019

Hexaware Technologies - Financial Statement Analysis

Contents Introduction 3 Base Data 3 Financial Data Analysis 3 Trend and Growth Analysis 3 Common Size Analysis 3 Ratio Analysis 4 Profitability ratios, 4 Solvency ratios 4 Activity Ratios 4 Du-Pont Analysis 5 Qualitative details of the financial report data 5 Chairman’s letter highlights 5 Directors’ report highlights 5 Management Discussion and Analysis 5 Auditor’s report highlights 6 Significant Accounting Policies 6 Revenue Recognition 6 Depreciation 6 Foreign Currency Transaction /Translation 6 Key Observations 7 Reference 7 Introduction Hexaware Technologies’ is engaged in the business of providing software application, development, maintenance, re-engineering, consultancy, business process outsourcing†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Hexaware ranked 18th in the NASSCOM Top 20 IT Software and Services Exporters from India (2008-2009). †¢ Hexaware has ranked among the Top 20 Best IT employers in India by DQ-IDC for five years in a row. †¢ Hexaware was presented the CIO 100 Ingenious award by IDG at the 4th Annual CIO 100 Symposium and Awards Ceremony. Directors’ report highlights †¢ Even though Income from operations dipped by 9.8% overall to Rs. 10,385.62 million in 2009 from Rs. 11,519.14 million in 2008, Operating profit grew by 88.5% to Rs. 1,687.64 million in 2009 from Rs. 895.32 million in 2008 due to reduction in expenses. †¢ The 10% depreciation of the Rupee against the Dollar led to increase in loss on forward contracts which had been taken in 2007. †¢ During the year 2009, there was no exercise of warrants / options under any Employee Stock Option Schemes. Management Discussion and Analysis †¢ Company has repeat-business of approximately 96.90% emphasizing the extent of client relationships. †¢ 30% of the active customers contribute more than USD I million per client on a trailing twelve month basis. In addition, 30% of the active customers appear on Fortune500 /Show MoreRelatedGroup 4 Final Simulation Report13740 Words   |  55 Pages......................................................................... 7 2.1 Week-wise Progress Report ................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 Week-wise Simulation Analysis ....................................................................................................... 10 2.3 Unexpected loss and gain from NEPSE and BSE............................................................................. 17 2.4 Basis of

Friday, December 13, 2019

The incidences of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence Free Essays

The incidences of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence seem to be higher than anticipated.   In alcohol dependence the problems seem to be more severe than alcohol abuse.   Family history does seem to play an important role in the initiation and progression of alcohol use, along with external factors. We will write a custom essay sample on The incidences of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence or any similar topic only for you Order Now    In Western Countries, the incidences of alcohol consumption are higher due to the cultural implications. In these cultures, alcohol use in fact begins during the teenage period. The incidences of alcohol related problems have reduced over the past few decades in the US, due to increased awareness levels.   The incidences of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependences are higher in males than females, although females develop it more easily than males.   Alcohol consumption was higher in the Europeans than the American and other communities. During the management of alcohol-related disorders, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence has to be differentiated properly using the DSM-IV-TR criteria.   Treatment should be initiated after determining the needs of the individual.   It would be logical to provide counseling sessions and motivating the patient to become alcohol-free.   Counseling and short-term administration of medications, play a very important role during treatment. Hospitalization may be required for a few days to help the individual refrain from the habit.   The individual may develop certain symptoms while abstaining from alcohol initially which slowly reduce with time.   The risk of relapses following treatment is very high.   Hence, it would be advisable to keep a constant check on the individual. 20 % of the individuals admitted in mental hospitals have suffered either alcohol abuse or alcohol dependence.   It affects individuals from all socio-economic backgrounds. The prevalence of alcohol dependence in the US Colleges was 6%, and alcohol abuse was 20%.   At least 15000 students die a year due to alcohol disorders.   Alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse puts the individual at a very high risk to develop depressive disorders, panic disorders, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, mania, schizophrenia, etc (Schuckit, M. A., 2005). Alcohol dependence is a condition in which the repeated presence of three out of 7 impairments, alcohol can have over life and normal functioning, during a 12-month period.   The impairments of defects in functioning include tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, interference with normal functioning at school, workplace, home or in social setting, physical and psychological symptoms, etc (According to the DSM-IV-TR). There is a difference in withdrawal developing separately and that developing in association with dependence.   Withdrawal symptoms that develop separately can follow a severe course.   When withdrawal is present in relation to depression, a milder course is followed.   Individuals without alcohol dependence may not be considered as alcohol abusers (Schuckit, M. A., 2005). In alcohol abuse, the individual may not be dependent on alcohol but develops a constant problem related to alcohol use during a 12-month period (such as legal, social, work-based and family problems, and using alcohol in dangerous environments).   At least one or two of the 4 areas are present in abuse (Schuckit, M. A., 2005). The DSM-IV-TR code for alcohol abuse is 305.00, and that of alcohol dependence is 303.90. The background characteristics of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence remain the same that is a family history of alcohol misuse or dependence.   It may be as high as 80 %.   The ICD has offered an alternate classification of alcohol dependence.   It suggests 3 out of 6 areas, in difference to the DSM-IV-TR classification of 3 out of 7 areas (Schuckit, M. A., 2005). The prevalence of drinking is relatively high in America, and about 90% of the population drink.   They usually start during early or mid-teens.   About 80% of the people drink when they complete high school.   About 60% go to the extent of intoxicating themselves with alcohol.   On an average, two out of three men drink in the US (Schuckit, M. A., 2005). Individuals who are educated and have a higher socio-economic background drink more frequently.   Amongst religious groups, Jewish minorities consume the most, but do not develop alcohol dependence often. Conservative groups drink less compared to liberal groups.   American-Indians drink more quantities of alcohol compared to other groups.   Adults on an average consume about 2.2 gallons of absolute alcohol per annum.   At the time of American Revolution, this figure was as high as 5 gallons.   During the 1970’s, the figures significantly increased as trends were high and awareness was low. A study conducted to determine the long-term effects in about 500 middle-aged males demonstrated that one-fourth to one-third had alcohol-related problems.   One-third drove under the influence of alcohol, and about one-fifth did not attend to school due to frequent hangovers or disciplinary problems.   However, studies have shown that people tend to learn something out of the less severe alcohol-related problems. Thus, the alcohol-related problems have reduced in the 30’s, 40’s and 50’s age groups.   The life time risk for alcohol dependence is 10 to 15% in males and about 3 to 5 % in females.   Alcohol dependence usually develops in the age group of 20 to 40 years. Thy somehow tend to hold on to their jobs, family relations and social functioning.   If alcohol dependence in teenagers is reported, the incidence of associated antisocial personality disorders is high.   Sometimes alcohol dependence can begin late in life, and in such circumstances is associated with reduced social problems (Schuckit, M. A., 2005). Europeans consume the most amount of alcohol a year, especially the northern European countries.   About 90% of the teenagers consume alcohol during their school days.   This rate was much higher compared to the US.   Most Europeans drink by the age of 12 or 13 years.   In Denmark, the incidences of alcohol consumption were particularly high in female teenagers. The incidences of Binge drinking (drinking large amount of alcohol within a short period of time to the extent of intoxication) were high in the UK, Denmark and Ireland.   The main reason for this was merry-making.   The Irish tend to spend the most on drinking, with Denmark a distant second.   Relatively, lower amounts of money were spent on alcohol by people belonging to Norway, Sweden, Finland and Iceland (Finfacts Ireland, 2007). Throughout history, alcohol has played a role in the economic, social, medicinal, cultural, religious and spiritual sectors of life.   The nomadic Rechabites did not drink wine because they felt that it was associated with bad agricultural habits.   Prophet Mohammed did not allow his devotees to consume alcohol. Ancient Egypt considered alcohol a source of energy and nutrients.   In fact, their alcohol contained several nutritional supplements that helped to treat nutritional deficiency disorders.   Alcohol has been utilized by a medicine by several cultures.   Several studies have demonstrated it effect in lowering the incidences of coronary heart disorders, cancer and bone-degenerative disorders such as osteoporosis.    It had also been during the early days of medicine to control pain during surgeries.   Even today, several alternative forms of medicine use alcohol as a solvent in their medicinal preparations, and also as a painkiller.   Alcohol is often utilized as a social lubricant, and can improve the taste and appetite for food.   Many communities consider that alcohol should not be a problem because it has been misused only by a small number of people.   It was beneficial to greater numbers of the society (Hanson, D. J., 2005). How to cite The incidences of alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence, Papers

Thursday, December 5, 2019

ABC Distribution Strategic Talent Management-Samples for Student

Question: Discuss about the ABC Distribution Strategic Talent Management. Answer: Introduction The ABC Distribution is a small distribution company, which is concerned with conducting business nationally. The company has been experiencing success in terms of its financial growth and the number of employees present in the company has grown from 20 to 90 over the time from 2012 to 2017. However, the succession planning and internationalization process has posed to be a hindrance in the process of development of talent management. This paper aims to study and analyze the need and importance of better talent in the organization, understanding the key areas affecting the talent management process and providing recommendations on the changes that need to take place in order to bring in the necessary talent. Importance of talent management Talent management is the process of recruitment, management, development and retention of employees, necessary for the long-term growth of an organization (Al Ariss et al., 173-179). In case of ABC Distribution, the talent management process is of great significance, as it would add to an increase in the productivity of the firm with an increase in the processes of growth and innovation. The presence of a trained and skilled workforce reduces the consumption of time and errors, making the production process cost effective. Since the organization is involved in client meetings and sales processes, the presence of motivated employees would help increase the levels of customer satisfaction. Due to the nature of importance of talent management in the organization, the senior management or the decision makers (executive managers/Directors), need to be informed and aware of the deteriorating situation the organization currently is facing. The high rates of staff rotation, lack of proper technological resources, and the succession planning and international business expansion process- all have lead to alarming rates of employees leaving the organization. The replacement of an employee directly involved in sales or interaction with clients/consumers, establish good relationships with the customers and would affect the sales process greatly on quitting the organization. The development of necessary talent would provide a scope for producing skilled successors in key management positions. Thus, the information should be conveyed in a manner to the management that addresses the present status of the organization, the problems it is facing and the relevance of talent management for increasing the sales. Steps to define strategic vision of talent The decision to introduce talent management in an organization has its own positive and negative aspects and discontent may arise in employees who are not part of the program. Therefore, for the role of a Human Resource manager, it is important to maintain a transparency of communication, which would help in properly addressing the causes of dissatisfaction among employees as well as informing the employees who are to be retained by the organization. In order to define a strategic vision of talent to the mid-levels of management, there are certain steps that need to be adopted. They are as follows:- Understanding the company goals and objectives- All aspects regarding to the market position, the potential consumers, competition analysis, strengths and weaknesses of the organization need to be examined (Nankervis et al., "Human resource management: strategy and practice."). Managing the internal talent- The internal talent can be managed through the analysis of the skills, levels of competency, experiences and talents of the employees working within the organization (Elegbe and Joel Alemibola, Talent management in the developing world: Adopting a global perspective.). Employer branding- An organization that has a good reputation or goodwill is susceptible to gain a favorable position in the market and attract a pool of quality employees (Figurska, Irena, and Ewa Matuska, "Employer Branding As A Human Resources Management Strategy."). Improving relationships with candidates- Maintaining a positive relationship with candidates, regardless of the outcome of their selection process allows more and more individuals to be interested in joining the organization. Reasons for staff leaving a company The reason staff may leave a company depends on a number of causes. Some of these are as follows:- Lack of motivation- The lack of motivation in employees is mainly caused due to lack of communication and proper flow of information in the organization. Lack of motivation in employees gives rise to unproductive work and ultimately leads to the employee resigning from the organization (Taylor, 19). Lack of proper future- If the financial position of the organization is in a threatening position or the company has been losing out to its competition on a frequent basis, employees feel threatened since it questions the long-term growth of the organization. Apart from this, employees may also leave in order to look for better job positions. Lack of skills and training- The lack of proper skills and training may cause inconvenience in work for an employee, leading to lack of motivation and interest in performing the given job role. Inability to perform- The lack of proper skills and expertise may not allow an employee to perform his job efficiently. It can also take place by assigning an employee in a field that he knows very little or nothing about. Lack of loyalty- Loyalty is a rare quality possessed by individuals in recent times, and is almost absent in the employer and employees in todays time and both individuals constantly looking for better means and opportunities. Changes in core management decisions- A change in the core management policy or changes in the management may affect an employees decision to continue working in an organization in the future. Stress- The rotation of staff to various departments within an organization increases the amount of work significantly with an increase in the levels of stress in employees and may cause the employee to quit. Effect of staff rotation on talent management process The staff rotation process is very time consuming and a lot of time is wasted in motivating and persuading the employees for rotation of their job roles. Employees also need time to settle down in their new job role and be familiar with the co-workers. It adds to an increase in the levels of stress and anxiety of employees, since most employees wish to perform within their comfort zone and in a familiar environment. In case the process is forced on by the organization, it may lead to wastage of time training unfit and unwilling employees to take up the job role. It is due to all of these reasons, that high levels of staff rotation make it difficult to implement a talent management process in ABC Distribution. Ways to retain existing talent The retention of employees in ABC Distribution can be achieved via the following ways:- Good flow of communication- The presence of good flow of communication allows the employees to be aware of the changes in company policy and objectives. Listening to the ideas and opinions of employees regarding various decisions helps to make them feel more important and increases motivation and active participation in work. Rewards system- Rewarding employees for their hard work and contribution towards the organization make the employees feel more respected and worthwhile (Deery, Margaret, and Leo Jago, 453-472). Employees who feel that their work is underappreciated may look for potential jobs elsewhere. Conduct employee development programs- It helps in developing new skills in employees and training them to be more efficient in the work performed by them. Instead of managing employees, emphasis should be given on the quality of the task performed and how it could be enhanced further (Douthitt, Shane, and Scott Mondore, 16.). Providing opportunities for growth- The internal environment needs to be scanned frequently to provide higher positions of job role to deserving employees. The interested employees may take up the promotion offer and this creates a sense of loyalty and respect in the employees regarding the business organization (Oladapo, 19). Performance reviews- Performance reviews help evaluate the skills and work done by an employee and it informs him about his strengths and the areas he needs to focus more on. It helps the employees to know what the organization or the job demands from them and develop the necessary skills or receive training accordingly (Thunnissen et al., 326-336.). Tools of talent management Being a Human Resources specialist in talent management, a number tools can be used to try and attract the right talent candidates for ABC Distribution. They are as follows:- Clearly defined objectives- An organization that has good communication flow and informs its employees about the objectives that are to be achieved, it results in the maximum utilization of the workforce. It also helps the employees to be clearly aware of their position and job role in the organization (Cappelli, Peter and J. R. Keller, 305-331.). Coaching- It helps in establishing healthy relationships with employees and motivating and inspiring them to work hard towards achieving the organizational goals. The executive trainers assess the employees and they develop new skills (Sparrow et al., 177-212). Diversity of workforce- The diversification of workforce helps remove differences in ethnicity, caste, culture, gender and age. It provides a wider scope of providing customer service and catering to all sections of the crowd (Thunnissen and Marian, 326-336). Retention- Losing out experienced and skilled employees to competition or other organizations is a great drawback for any business. Therefore, it is important to retain employees and this can be achieved by the implementation of proper compensation, safe and comfortable work environment and offering the employees a chance to progress or advance (Chitsaz-Isfahani, Ali, and Hamid Reza Boustani, 114). Effective recruitment process- The recruitment of new employees to a organization brings in new talent and fresh new ideas and thoughts, vital to the workings of the organization. It also helps to focus more on the requirements of the organization and the employees are selected in accordance with their skills and training (Meyers et al., 305-321.). Importance of technological resources in a company The presence of technological resources is an important and essential part of any business organization in recent times. ABC Distribution, makes use of outdated methods to communicate with its clients and completely ignores the usage of any form of hardware or software, be it smart-phones, tablets, social media and so on. This affects the efficiency of business since the presence of technological resources serves as a great advantage to business organizations (Benitez-Amado et al., 207-220). It helps to ease the communication process making it less time consuming and cost effective. Apart from this, it also helps in maintaining good communication flow between the organization and its employees as well as suppliers, factory workers and others. The presence of technological resources helps to strengthen the security of an organization by securing confidential files and reports on a digital database. Lastly, it enables business organizations to conduct research on the present market con ditions and stay a step ahead of competition. Recommendations As a Human Resources Manager of ABC Distribution, the following recommendations are to be provided to the executive heads regarding the importance and implementation of technological resources. They are as follows:- The use of an online database to store confidential files, reports and executive decisions which if leaked, may affect the operations of the organization. The presence of a website for ABC Distribution would help in communicating freely with consumers and would add to the improved brand value of the organization. A common portal or application being used to communicate all decisions, objectives and policies to all employees of the organization at once cutting down time and cost and reducing the chances of confusion and miscommunication. Ways to approach Executive heads The task of approaching and convincing the executive heads of an organization is a difficult one. However, the present status of ABC Distributions is alarming in nature and needs to be addressed promptly failing to do which would affect the implementation of a talent management strategy. This can done via the following ways:- Brief and to the point message. Creating a presentation or slide containing a summary of the issues to be addressed. Rehearse on the speech that needs to be delivered beforehand. Provide a detailed information of all the threats currently faced by the organization and how it can be solved. All topics should be covered carefully without missing out on important information. Essential Pre-requisites for successful talent management The implementation of a successful talent management process requires the presence of a few essential prerequisites. They are as follows:- Clarify the companys strategic vision- In other words; the employees should be aware of the workings of the organization and the set of goals and objectives that are to be achieved by the organization within a given time. Changes in internal environment- The constant changes in leadership affect the decision making process and workings of an organization (Bryant, Phil C and David G. Allen, 171-175). Although ABC Distribution is expanding its business internationally, it maintains a SME culture and functions through silos. These factors needs to be considered and resolved before implementing a talent management strategy. External factors- The presence of SME culture has affected the organization and its operations since the organization is currently undergoing the process of expansion. Since the business is undergoing international expansion, new laws, policies, decisions, new market and competitors are the external factors that need consideration before the implementation of a talent management strategy. Conclusion Thus the conclusion can be drawn that the implementation of a talent management strategy serves as an important aspect for the growth and success of an organization. However in the given case study, ABC Distributions is currently being affected by a number of factors that do not permit the implementation of a talent management strategy and the employee retention rates are alarmingly high. Therefore, these issues need to be addressed to the executive heads and necessary steps taken to ensure the growth and survival of the organization as well as bringing in a skilled and talented workforce. References Al Ariss, Akram, Wayne F. Cascio, and Jaap Paauwe. "Talent management: Current theories and future research directions."Journal of World Business49.2 (2014): 173-179. Cappelli, Peter, and J. R. Keller. "Talent management: Conceptual approaches and practical challenges."Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav.1.1 (2014): 305-331. Thunnissen, Marian, Paul Boselie, and Ben Fruytier. "Talent management and the relevance of context: Towards a pluralistic approach."Human Resource Management Review23.4 (2013): 326-336. Nankervis, Alan R., et al. "Human resource management: strategy and practice." (2013). Meyers, M. Christina, Marianne van Woerkom, and Nicky Dries. "TalentInnate or acquired? Theoretical considerations and their implications for talent management."Human Resource Management Review23.4 (2013): 305-321. Oladapo, Victor. "The impact of talent management on retention."Journal of business studies quarterly5.3 (2014): 19. Figurska, Irena, and Ewa Matuska. "EMPLOYER BRANDING AS A HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT STRATEGY."Human resources management Ergonomics7.2 (2013). Douthitt, Shane, and Scott Mondore. "Creating a business-focused HR function with analytics and integrated talent management."People and Strategy36.4 (2014): 16. Deery, Margaret, and Leo Jago. "Revisiting talent management, work-life balance and retention strategies."International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management27.3 (2015): 453-472. Thunnissen, Marian. "Talent management: For what, how and how well? An empirical exploration of talent management in practice."Employee Relations38.1 (2016): 57-72. Chitsaz-Isfahani, Ali, and Hamid Reza Boustani. "Effects of talent management on employees retention: The mediate effect of organizational trust."International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences3.5 (2014): 114. Benitez-Amado, Jose, F. Javier Llorens-Montes, and Virginia Fernandez-Perez. "IT impact on talent management and operational environmental sustainability."Information Technology and Management16.3 (2015): 207-220. Taylor, Stephen.Resourcing and talent management. Kogan Page Publishers, 2014. Sparrow, Paul, Martin Hird, and Cary L. Cooper. "Strategic Talent Management."Do We Need HR?. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2015. 177-212. Bryant, Phil C., and David G. Allen. "Compensation, benefits and employee turnover: HR strategies for retaining top talent."Compensation Benefits Review45.3 (2013): 171-175. Elegbe, Joel Alemibola.Talent management in the developing world: Adopting a global perspective. Routledge, 2016.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

The Role of Sampling in Statistics Essay Example

The Role of Sampling in Statistics Essay In statistics, a sample is a section of the subject chosen for a study.   In most cases sample will to be taken because a given subject area to be researched has a large number of participating population.   If a decision is made to make some kind of a study on a given subject, a population for example, it is easy to take a sample and work with the sample to arrive at whatever is intended on the outset, which in most cases is to make a statistical calculation that could be about the samples opinion on a given subject matter, such as voting for example.   The reason why taking samples is important is because of the large number of the population or groups that will be targeted.   Such a process of obtaining information to infer and extrapolate an outcome from a collected data goes by the name known as sampling.   There is always effort exerted to avoid bias when taking samples, which means the outcome of the finding will have to be unbiased as much as possible and that is wh en the accuracy of the data could be relied upon.   [1] If someone wants to make a certain study that pertains to women and if the sample is taken only from women who are working in an office environment, it will miss its target, and will not be representative, because the bigger population of women might not be working in the office.   There are stay-at-home moms, there are those who are working in various fields that do not involve working in an office environment, there are those who could be unemployed and cannot be included in the sample that will be taken from offices.   The solution for this problem is to make the sample random or a probability sample because it will be a better representative of the diverse women population and those that are not working in the office could also be included. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Sampling in Statistics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Sampling in Statistics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Sampling in Statistics specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When dealing with samples the first key aspect to pay attention to is â€Å"external validity†, which focuses on the approximate truth of the conclusion or how the conclusion will be applicable to other subjects that are in different places, and how it would hold if used at a different time.   There are two known general approaches to arrive at a conclusion through a finding made by conducting a research.   The first one is sampling model where like it was mentioned, it is possible to target a subject or a population and take a sample to conduct the required research and most of the time the finding could be relied upon and could be used to arrive at a conclusion.   But it is possible label the sample as biased, which means no matter how careful the process had been, there is a possibility of a bias.   [2] The other approach called Proximal Similarity Model that was suggested by Donald Campbell can be used to take varied samples by keeping in mind different components of the general subject, population or locations, or different times in the future.   This is if the subject are people who are not in the group when the sample is being taken they will be kept in mind in such a way that the finding will have relevance to them too. The same applies to those who could be in a different location other than where the research is being conducted and they will also get the same consideration, where if the finding is used in the future it will still hold some reliability. There is an inherent threat with external validity that will make the final conclusion wrong because of the three components involved namely people, place, and time.   Because the validity of the finding could always be argued for as simple a reason as not choosing the right kind of people or the right kind of place, or time.   It is possible to point out a bias after the conclusion is final, which means although generalizing is possible, still the degree of the acceptance could come down on the scale. However, it is possible to minimize the mistake by being extra careful when taking the sample and by doing it randomly.  Ã‚   Another way of defending a validity of a finding is by working on the proximal similarity, by simply covering the extra mile in taking the samples from various groups and various locations.   It is also possible to use different times so that the findings will not be influenced by a given incident or event. Another important aspect of sampling is, knowing exactly who the target is or to whom the finding will be important.   Because there are situations where a certain finding could have a universal acceptance, for example.   If we are talking about people, it should be applicable to all humans.   Or if we are talking about a group living in a given area then the scope will be narrower, but in most cases what is applicable in a finding for one location should be applicable somewhere else with a degree of bias we can live with.   Still, no matter how careful we are, there will always be those who are not accessible from the group for various reasons and will force the finding to lean on the theoretical aspect of the finding.   In practice the â€Å"sampling frame† from where the sampling is derived from will not be complete in most cases, because of inaccessible population, yet all effort should be exerted to minimize the theorizing aspect of the finding. Yet even if thin gs go right for the most part, it might not possible to completely eliminate the bias simply because something could go wrong. Another interesting aspect of sampling is it is possible to take different but similar samples from the same population, which means, why take only one sample when it is possible to take more samples. The advantage is it would be possible to look at different outcomes and according to many findings, chances are the final outcome will be similar.   What this means is if we draw a graph all the graphs will have a bell shape although some extreme outcome cannot be ruled out, but it is rare.   The idea is the more sample we are able to take, our chance of arriving at what is known as a the parameter† will be high. The parameter is what will normally be arrived at if the whole group or population had been surveyed, which means as the number of the sample increases, the possibility of comparing and arriving at a better result is there.   Eventually the statistical finding will be more than generalizing, but the problem is if that was always possible, there is no need to be both ered with statistics.   The other advantage of taking a bigger number of samples is to bring down the â€Å"standard deviation†, which by itself would lead to a lower â€Å"standard error†.   The reason for that is even if it is avoided because of impracticality, the ideal approach would have been to go for the parameter, but it would be very expensive and time consuming, hence the main reason why taking sample is involved.   [3] In the world of sampling there is a â€Å"probability sampling† and it uses a random selection method.   There has to be some kind of a mechanism in order to carry out a random selection from a given group and the mechanism used will have to ascertain that the various components or participants will have equal probability of being chosen.   A â€Å"simple random sampling† has a few methods for it and what the aim is to choose a certain number of samples from a given group. The latest and the fastest way of doing that is using the various computer programs, which include EXCEL spreadsheet and using the RAND () function will do it automatically.   However, in spite of the fact that simple random may seem to be fair and correct for the most part, the possibility that not a good representative of the subjects might not be chosen is there affecting its efficiency and reliability. The other sampling method that acknowledged to be more accurate is â€Å"stratified random sampling†.   How it works is by dividing the subjects into visible subgroups and then it is possible to perform random sampling on each subgroup.   The advantage, of course, is there will not be a subgroup under representation since covering every possibility will be possible. In addition, the statistical precision is much higher and it gets better if the subjects are homogeneous. There is also â€Å"systematic random sampling†, which comes more handier and for it to work there will have to be a given number such as 1 – N, then deciding on the size of its components is required. There also has to be an interval and to make it work if the interval starts at k=N/n= the outcome will be the interval size.   Once randomly selected an integer between 1 k the number to take will the kth unit.   In order to accomplish this keeping the subjects random is required and its advantage is it is easy to work on, where all that is required is picking a random number.   Furthermore, it is always precise and when things get a bit complicated, it might be the only way out. The useful random sampling is â€Å"cluster random sampling† and it is mostly handy when a vast geographical area is involved, where a lot of distance-covering geographically will be involved.   Therefore, it is easy to come up with a clustering system where dividing the involved groups is possible using a geographic boundary, for example, and taking random sampling on each cluster and compare the outcome of the total cluster to arrive at a conclusion is possible.   When the need comes to combine the above mentioned cluster random sampling the process involved is â€Å"multi-stage-sampling†.   Sometimes after introducing cluster sampling there might be a need to apply stratified sampling in order to do an effective job and such mixing of the sampling is what is called multi-stage- sampling, because first comes the cluster sampling and in order to complete that effectively stratified sampling might be applied. The other sampling method that is believed to be more accurate is â€Å"stratified random sampling† and how it works is the subject or the population will be divided into visible subgroups and then it is possible to perform random sampling on each subgroup.   The advantage, of course, is there will not be a subgroup misrepresentation because it is possible to cover every possibility.   In addition, the statistical precision is much higher and it gets better if the subjects are homogeneous. The sampling that does not involve random sampling is known as â€Å"non-probability sampling† and it tends to be less reliable because of the lack of applying the â€Å"probability theory† and the end result could be, it could go either ways, to the point where it could be difficult to tell if it might have been possible to do a good representation or not. Even if that is the case for the most part researchers prefer to rely on probabilistic sampling, but there could be cases where applying it might be unavoidable. Non-probability sampling has two main types, â€Å"accidental† and â€Å"purposive†.   The accidental or haphazard samplings are incidents where the news media, for example, would go out on the street and approach anyone to get an opinion on a certain matter and it is not possible to say that individual is a fair representative of the population at large.   Or in some cases researchers could prefer high school or college students to make researches on certain subjects simply because there is a concentration of individuals that could be well informed on certain matter that might pertain to them, but in no way they can represent the population at large.   In clinical research it had been customary to use clients that are available and but might not be represent the of the overall population or at times volunteers could be involved where in some circumstances payment could be awarded.   Even if it is possible to get an opinion, it still might fall short of represen ting the overall population. On the other hand â€Å"purposive sampling† like its name states is done by having a given purpose in mind and it could be quick.   A good example is if a big company wants to know what its customers are thinking about the goods and services it offers, it could hire interviewers who will approach the customers while they enter the store or when they leave and will ask them certain questions.   Here it is possible to make mistakes as those who are visiting that store might be a representative of a particular subgroup that just happened to be there because of the location or because of the other businesses that are located around the particular business. Alternatively, if it is a regular day the visitors could be of a certain subgroup, and the same is applicable if it is a weekend.   The point made here is the subjects might not be the proper targets and the outcome might not be as reliable as a method that uses a proper random sampling method. Purposive sampling has different catagories and one is for example â€Å"Modal Instance Sampling† where the target is the most frequent case or the typical case.   While interviewing individuals there could be certain aspects that will influence them to give certain answers such as age, education, and income level.  Ã‚   Without knowing those aspects it will be difficult to rely on the typical or modal findings to be representative of the public at large. Religion and ethnicity also can play roles when individuals are giving quick answers and the interviewer has so much leeway to ask those questions without stepping over with what is normally unacceptable subject matter such as marital status, the size of the family, occupation could also make such a difference.   Therefore, any finding made through modal instance sampling could end up being an informal finding. There is â€Å"expert sampling† that fall in the same category and it involves bringing together experts in a form of a panel to ask about a modal survey that was made so that when the result is released the findings will have the backing of the experts.   That gives a boost to the reliability of the findings and the only time there will be a problem is if the experts themselves are wrong, which is a rarity, and it means if a modal instant sampling had been conducted, to be in the safe side it will be advisable to back it up with expert sampling, because nothing goes wrong most of the time. Another part of â€Å"purposive sampling† is â€Å"Quota Sampling† where a predetermined number of subjects will have to be approached and for no reason, that quota will be changed.   If the idea is to approach 50 female students and 50 male students in a college setup even if there is a shortage from one group and it is possible to make up from the other, it will not be allowed.   If there is a shortcoming on this sampling it is that in advance the characteristic has to be determined and if there is no success or if there is a shortage, adjustment could be made by lowering the number and the reliability of the data might suffer.  Ã‚   This in fact is proportional quota sampling.   The non-proportional quota sampling is not concerned about the exact number per se as long as there are enough of participants and collecting the data could go on and could be inferred to arrive at the desired result.   This method gets the credited for making sure even small groups will have a part to play and is similar to stratified sampling. Another part of purpose sampling is â€Å"heterogeneity† sampling where the drive here is to come up with certain working or popular ideas and what is involved in most instances is brainstorming of a group of people to see if they come up with the desired new ideas.   Therefore, there is concern about average instances and the number of people does not matter as long as it is possible to have enough number to participate.   Because of that the participants should be as heterogeneous as possible in spite of their number. One other sampling method that fall in the same category is â€Å"Snowball Sampling† where the participants will have to meet certain circumstances and once they qualify they will be asked to recommend others, which would work most of the time.   This method could be good to get access into some groups that have accessibility problem.   [4] The conclusion is it is difficult to say one method is the best and meets all the requirements, which means each method has its own advantage that has to be evaluated by the researchers on their drive to arrive at a conclusion that is very much closer to the reality.   However, in the field of taking surveys in a form of opinions, what is accepted is generalizing so that those who are using the information will know what the commonly held outlook about a certain matter is, hence they could form their own opinion based on that.   There is no scientific guarantee that states the findings are this much precise and close to the truth.   Such information, however, is much more important to those who will make important decisions based on it, because the finding might be the only available tool on their hand to help them make important decisions and they would have no choice other than taking a chance. It is proven that survey makes a lot of difference in business decision making because businesses are heavily dependant on feedback and that is why they spend a lot of money on surveys.   Other entities like governments can use surveys too since it is the only means that will give them a good glimpse into what kind belief, opinion, or stand the public has when they try to implement certain strategies.   Hence, sampling is one of the tools statistics rely upon to gather information about certain matters and the reason why a representative sample is used is, it is cost effective.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Battle of Blenheim in the War of Spanish Succession

Battle of Blenheim in the War of Spanish Succession Battle of Blenheim - Conflict Date: The Battle of Blenheim was fought August 13, 1704, during the War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714). Commanders Armies: Grand Alliance John Churchill, Duke of MarlboroughPrince Eugà ¨ne of Savoy52,000 men, 60 guns France Bavaria Duc de TallardMaximilian II EmanuelFerdinand de Marsin56,000 men, 90 guns Battle of Blenheim - Background: In 1704, King Louis XIV of France sought to knock the Holy Roman Empire out of the War of Spanish Succession by capturing its capital, Vienna. Eager to keep the Empire in the Grand Alliance (England, Habsburg Empire, Dutch Republic, Portugal, Spain, the Duchy of Savoy), the Duke of Marlborough made plans to intercept the French and Bavarian forces before they could reach Vienna. Executing a brilliant campaign of disinformation and movement, Marlborough was able to shift his army from the Low Countries to the Danube in only five weeks, placing himself between the enemy and the Imperial capital. Reinforced by Prince Eugà ¨ne of Savoy, Marlborough encountered the combined French and Bavarian army of Marshall Tallard along the banks of the Danube near the village of Blenheim. Separated from the Allies by a small stream and marsh known as the Nebel, Tallard arrayed his forces in a four mile-long line from the Danube north towards the hills and woods of the Swabian Jura. Anchoring the line were the villages of Lutzingen (left), Oberglau (center), and Blenheim (right). On the Allied side, Marlborough and Eugà ¨ne had decided to attack Tallard on August 13. Battle of Blenheim - Marlborough Attacks: Assigning Prince Eugà ¨ne to take Lutzingen, Marlborough ordered Lord John Cutts to attack Blenheim at 1:00 PM. Cutts repeatedly assaulted the village, but was unable to secure it. Though the attacks were not successful, they caused the French commander, Clà ©rambault, to panic and order the reserves into the village. This mistake robbed Tallard of his reserve force and negated the slight numerical advantage he possessed over Marlborough. Seeing this error, Marlborough altered his orders to Cutts, instructing him to simply contain the French in the village. At the opposite end of the line, Prince Eugà ¨ne was having little success against the Bavarian forces defending Lutzingen, despite having launched multiple assaults. With Tallards forces pinned down on the flanks, Marlborough pushed forward an attack on the French center. After heavy initial fighting, Marlborough was able to defeat Tallards cavalry and routed the remaining French infantry. With no reserves, Tallards line broke and his troops began fleeing towards Hà ¶chstdt. They were joined in their flight by the Bavarians from Lutzingen. Trapped in Blenheim, Clà ©rambaults men continued the fight until 9:00 PM when over 10,000 of them surrendered. As the French fled southwest, a group of Hessian troops managed to capture Marshall Tallard, who was to spend the next seven years in captivity in England. Battle of Blenheim - Aftermath Impact: In the fighting at Blenheim, the Allies lost 4,542 killed and 7,942 wounded, while the French and Bavarians suffered approximately 20,000 killed and wounded as well as 14,190 captured. The Duke of Marlboroughs victory at Blenheim ended the French threat to Vienna and removed the aura of invincibility that surrounded the armies of Louis XIV. The battle was a turning point in the War of Spanish Succession, ultimately leading to the Grand Alliances victory and an end of French hegemony over Europe.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Processing & Packaging of a Specified Prepared Chilled Food Product Assignment

Processing & Packaging of a Specified Prepared Chilled Food Product - Assignment Example Such chain incorporates consumer refrigerators and retail displays. The chilled food must be microbiologically safe at the consumption point by controlling pathogens that lead to food-born disorders. The integrity of the entire food chain determines the quality and safety of chilled food including storage and preparation by the consumers. However, the diversity of raw material, conditions for processing and packaging system presents impossibility for designing the effective single framework for microbiological safety. Manufacturers have hard tasks to comply with legislation and safety requirements (International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods. 2005). They must ensure raw material quality, temperature, acidity, water, modified temperature and hygienic processing. Such consideration collapse into designing sufficient control of microbiological growth. Thus, preventing food spoilage and development of conditions that facilitate the occurrence of food-borne diseas es. The manufacturer must, therefore, determine the effective choice and merger of such safety elements to hit an optimum shelf life for products. Further, the manufacturer establishes product usage conditions that ensure food safety for consumer utilization. The product that I will discuss in this essay is Pizza Dough. The dough is a lean, yeast-leavened bread-type dough. It is similar to the French bread and Middle Eastern flat breads. The Pizza crusts or shell fall under thin or thick crust. There may be a variation in the formulation of crust based on makeup equipment, desired eating properties, and thickness. However, the commercial and wholesale Pizza dough has a higher level of fats that help with the greater speed dough processing. The ingredients include flour, yeast, shortening or vegetable oil, salt, water and sugar. There are also a number of optional ingredients such as reducing agents, mold inhibitors, and